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Frank Nothaft, Chief Economist for Freddie Mac, spoke last week on
several topics of great concern to those involved in business and housing. Mr.
Nothaft weighed in on these subjects earlier in the year and his expectations
were not only insightful, but also incredibly accurate.
Areas noted and addressed in this interview were housing,
employment, interest rates, and the financial markets. Overall, Mr. Nothaft is
quite optimistic.
Housing – Look for appreciation levels to decelerate but not
decline. There is no bubble in sight. Expect property values to slide into a
range of a little below to a little above 5%. While some areas of the country
may actually see a decline in values, look for these to be limited to areas
where manufacturing employment has been hit hardest.
Home sales have been incredibly strong, remaining at levels that will be
unsustainable. However, look for sales rates to moderate to the levels seen in
2002 and 2003, both very strong years.
Interest Rates – Interest rates have had an incredible run. Alan
Greenspan and the Federal Reserve will consider increasing the Fed Funds Rate
again in September. Look for the answer of “will they or won’t they” on
September 3rd with the release of the employment figures for August. If there
was significant hiring and unemployment falls, look for an increase. If the
“soft patch” continues, overnight rates and the Prime Lending Rate may stand
until after the election.
Long-term interest rates, those most affecting rates on home loans, will
gradually rise through the end of 2004 and 2005.
Economy – New job growth has faltered in the past quarter.
Primary reasons are the rapid increase in oil prices and increasing levels of
worker productivity, currently over 5%. With consumers having less money to
spend and workers continuing to get more done on the job, companies haven’t had
to hire. Annualized growth of 4% will bring lots of jobs and unemployment will
fall to 5.4% going forward.
Much has been said of jobs leaving the U.S. for other countries. However,
little has been said of foreign companies boosting jobs here. Toyota, BMW, Honda
and Mercedes all have US plants as do other foreign concerns. The “net”
difference in jobs going overseas and relocating here is nominal.
Inflation has been tame and should remain so. Even with rising energy and raw
materials costs, companies have been able to maintain pricing simply through
increased productivity.
Watch oil prices. If oil continues its march higher it could throw markets
and consumers off track. Also keep in mind that while oil is at a historic high,
in real inflation adjusted dollars, it is still well below the levels of the
1970’s.
Investments – Housing still looks like a home run. With
appreciation levels of 5%, the beauty of leverage means that a home appreciating
at 5% equals a 25% rate of return on a down payment of 20%. The stock markets
will continue to see improvement through 2005.
November Elections – Regardless of who wins, Bush or Kerry, the
next two years should be the same economically with Greenspan in office.
Mortgage and housing markets will be basically unaffected. What will be impacted
by the election will be who holds the chair Greenspan sits in today when his
term ends in 2006.
Mortgage Markets – Home loan rates will definitely trend higher.
Opportunities will exist to see short drops, based on limited factors like
terrorism. 2005 will be a good year for mortgage volume, but not great. As
compared to 2004, volume should fall 40-50%. With this drop in volume, the
mortgage industry will lose jobs as companies won’t be able to justify the
carrying costs of additional staff. The drop in volume will be attributed to
loss of refinance applications.
Mortgages with adjustable rates will continue to see a larger share of
overall mortgage volume. Falling to 10% during the boom of mortgage activity
last summer, ARM’s will increase to stabilize at 30% of the overall market.
Concern may be warranted about the increase of “interest only” products
available, where a consumer is required to pay only the interest on their
mortgage balance. Historically, these loans bring higher delinquency and default
rates. In the event of a decline in property value, a significant payment
change, due to rising interest rates or a combination of the two, trouble could
be brewing.
In Summary: Mr. Nothaft predicts that housing will remain strong,
interest rates will drift higher but not significantly, the economy will grow at
roughly 4%. Goldilocks would be pleased here…not too hot, not too cold, just
about right. |